Principle of RO Membrane

RO membrane is a key technology widely used in water purifiers and water treatment systems. Its working principle can be briefly described as follows:

Water pressure drive
RO membrane filtration is performed by applying high pressure to push water to one side of the RO membrane. This high pressure forces water molecules through the tiny pores of the RO membrane, forming a filtration process.

Semi-permeable membrane
RO membrane is a semi-permeable membrane, which means it has very small pores, only small enough for water molecules to pass through, but larger solute molecules (such as salts, pollutants, and microorganisms) cannot pass through. This allows RO membranes to effectively remove many impurities from water.

Reverse osmosis
In the application of RO membrane, forward osmosis refers to the natural osmosis process from a low-concentration solution (i.e., raw water) through the RO membrane to a high-concentration solution (i.e., concentrated water). Reverse osmosis is a process in which water passes from a high-concentration solution (i.e., concentrated water) through an RO membrane to a low-concentration solution (i.e., pure water) by applying high pressure.

Separating impurities
When water is pushed to the RO membrane under high pressure, the RO membrane only allows water molecules to pass through, while intercepting impurities such as salts, organic matter, microorganisms, and heavy metals dissolved in the water, thus achieving water separation and purification.

Wastewater discharge
The working process of the RO membrane will produce two flows, namely the pure water flow passing through the RO membrane and the intercepted impurity flow. These intercepted impurities form wastewater as the water flows and need to be discharged from the system.

To sum up, the RO membrane pushes water towards the semi-permeable membrane by applying high pressure, so that only water molecules can pass through the tiny pores of the RO membrane, while impurities dissolved in the water are intercepted, thus achieving water separation and purification. This is a technology that effectively removes a variety of pollutants from water and is widely used in water purifiers and water treatment systems.